http://unisep.lib.unishams.edu.my/xmlui/handle/123456789/6425 Wed, 22 Apr 2026 22:11:27 GMT 2026-04-22T22:11:27Z http://localhost:80/xmlui/bitstream/id/092d4084-9eb6-45b9-9cce-919ef4150566/ http://unisep.lib.unishams.edu.my/xmlui/handle/123456789/6425 http://unisep.lib.unishams.edu.my/xmlui/handle/123456789/31949 Prevalence, potential risk factors and genetic diversity of Blastocystis in ruminant livestock animals from Penang, Malaysia Li li Lee; Adedolapo Aminat Rauff-Adedotun; Nabilah Abd Talib; Nurshafarina Shaari; Zary Shariman Yahaya; Farah Haziqah Meor Termizi Blastocystis is a unicellular, anaerobic protist inhabiting the intestinal tract of diverse animal hosts, including human. Informa- tion regarding Blastocystis in small ruminants, namely goats and sheep, is limited globally; thus, this study was carried out to investigate the distribution and determinants of Blastocystis in ruminant livestock animals from Penang, Malaysia. Fecal samples from 127 cattle, 149 goats, and 100 sheep were examined for Blastocystis by in vitro cultivation using modified Jones' medium, while DNA barcoding was used for subtyping. Overall, 23.1% (87/376) of animals screened were positive for Blastocystis sp. The prevalence of infection was significantly higher in goats than in cattle and sheep, while the female gender, semi-intensive farming system, and the Northeast Penang Island district were identified as potential risk factors for Blastocystis infection. Blastocystis sp. STS, ST14, and ST25 were identified in cattle; STS, ST10, ST13, and ST14 in goats; and ST4, STS, ST14, and ST15 in sheep. STS and ST14 were found to be the most abundant and widespread subtypes in the study area. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of ST4 from sheep and ST13 from goats, thus serving as an update to the host range of Blastocystis sp. ST4 and ST13. The isolation of ST4 and ST5 in this study suggests that ruminant livestock animals could serve as reservoirs of human infection. Tue, 18 Jul 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://unisep.lib.unishams.edu.my/xmlui/handle/123456789/31949 2023-07-18T00:00:00Z http://unisep.lib.unishams.edu.my/xmlui/handle/123456789/28624 Risk Factors Of Hookworm Infection Among Aborigines During Different Seasons In Malaysia Noradilah Samseh Abdullah; Ii Li Lee; Tengku Shahrul Anuar Hookworm infection threatens millions of people especially in tropical areas and has been a major public health concern. In Malaysia, hookworm infection is still a burden to the aborigines despite modernization. The actual factor of the never-ending hookworm infection among the aborigines should be ruled out to overcome the problem. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the prevalence and risk factors in the acquisition of hookworm infection among the aboriginal community in Pahang, Malaysia during wet and dry seasons. Age less than or equal to 15 years old was found to be the most significant risk factor to acquire hookworm infection during both seasons. Usage of stored river water for daily activities was found to be the risk factor to contract hookworm infection during the wet season. This study highlighted that children has higher risk to acquire hookworm infection regardless of the seasonal variation. This could be due to the involvement in outdoor activities, which exposed them to the soil that contain hookworm larva. Usage of untreated water for daily activities was another risk, which highlighted that provision of safe, treated and clean water supply is very crucial in reducing the number of hookworm infection among the aborigines. Health education and improved sanitation are also important for the prevention and control of hookworm infection among the aboriginal community. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://unisep.lib.unishams.edu.my/xmlui/handle/123456789/28624 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://unisep.lib.unishams.edu.my/xmlui/handle/123456789/12732 24 Nematode Assignment 2 Lee Ii Li, Dr. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://unisep.lib.unishams.edu.my/xmlui/handle/123456789/12732 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://unisep.lib.unishams.edu.my/xmlui/handle/123456789/12731 23 SLP 6 STU Tissue Nematodes Lee Ii Li, Dr. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://unisep.lib.unishams.edu.my/xmlui/handle/123456789/12731 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z